summary of cognitive approach

I learn about cognitive approach learning the process of gathering information and organizing it into mental schemata.Memory the retention and use of prior learning.

The 3 types of memory and examples the difference between us:
1.The sensory memory are stores sensations for a brief moment.
ex.visual sensory memory last less than a second but auditory sensory memory can last up to three or four second.
2.The short term memory are adaptive ,enabling us to discard information that is no longer useful usually 15 seconds or so.
ex.When people memorize a list of items,they exhibit the serial positions effect, whereby those items from the beginning and end of a list are recalled better than those in the middle.
3.The long term memory is a relatively enduring storage system that can vast amounts of information for long periods of time.(hours,days,weeks or longer).
ex.The gift you received for a birthday years ago.A long term memory has no limit on capacity.

Encoding the processing of stimulus information for retention in the memory.Its more closely related to the working o STM.
Storage the retention of information in the memory.Its clearly related to LTM.

The different types of LTM:
1.Procedural memory stores how to information.
2.Semantic memory involves general knowledge of the world.
3.Episodic memory contains a personal experiences, organized according to where and to when events happened,such as what happened on your last birthday.

Forgetting the failure to remember is perhaps the most salient aspect memory for most people.Forgetting can result from one of four processes:a lack of encoding, physical decay, interference, or repression.
There are 2 kinds of interference :
1.Proactive interference in memory, a form of interference in which prior experiences make learning and recall of subsequent experiences difficult.
2.Retroactive interference in memory, a form of interference in which recent experiences make it difficult to recall something learned earlier.